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Labour Market and Wage Developments in Europe 2023
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Foreword
Summary and main findings
Chapter 1.
General labour market conditions in the EU and its Member States
Introduction
General labour market conditions in the EU
Outlook for unemployment
Conclusions
Appendix
Chapter 2.
Wages and labour costs developments in the EU and its Member States
Introduction
Nominal wage developments and prospects
Recent developments and prospects for real wages and purchasing power
Possible wage increases in the current context
The long-term process of wage convergence between Member States
The role of public policies in tapping the potential for wage increases
Conclusions
Appendix
Chapter 3.
Working time reduction in the EU: recent patterns and main drivers
Introduction
Working hours: insights from economic theory
The Regulation of working time in the EU
Recent Trends in working time and their determinants
Working time reduction
Conclusions
Appendix
References
Statistical annex
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Labour Market and Wage Developments in Europe 2023
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