Monitor toolbox by theme

Main indicator

• Work-based learning in VET, measuring the share of 20-34-year-olds who had a work experience as part of the curriculum of at least 1 month while studying and have graduated from initial medium-level VET (upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary) in the last three years.Eurostat (EU Labour Force Survey) [edat_lfs_9919]

• Employment rate of recent VET graduates, measuring the share of employed 20 to 34 years old graduates in initial medium-level VET who have left education and training between one and three years ago.Eurostat (EU Labour Force Survey) [edat_lfse_24]

• Learning mobility in VET, comparing the volume of mobility experiences in initial medium-level VET with the cohort of graduates in initial medium-level VET.Erasmus+ and Eurostat (UOE joint data collection) [educ_uoe_grad01]

A closer look

• The main indicator on work-based learning can be broken down by sex, type of remuneration, and duration.Eurostat (EU Labour Force Survey) [edat_lfs_9919]

• The main indicator on the employment rate of recent VET graduates can be broken down by sex.Eurostat (EU Labour Force Survey) [edat_lfse_24]

Context

• VET enrolment, measuring the volume of learners in medium level education (upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary) enrolled in vocational programmes compared to general programmes, by sex and by field of education.Eurostat (UOE joint data collection) [educ_uoe_enra16, educ_uoe_enrs10]

• Professional programmes at tertiary level, measuring the enrolment in programmes with professional orientation at tertiary level, as well as vocational programmes in short-cycle tertiary educationEurostat (UOE joint data collection) [educ_uoe_enrt01]

• Access to tertiary education measuring the number of graduates in initial medium-level VET by the type of access to tertiary education.[educ_uoe_grad01]

• Continuing VET in enterprises, measuring the share of enterprises (with 10 or more persons employed) that provide continuing VET to their staff (i.e. training measures or activities which have as their primary objective the acquisition of new competences or the development and improvement of existing ones), by type of training, size, and economic activity.Eurostat (EU Continuing Vocational Training Survey) [trng_cvt_01s, trng_cvt_01n2]

• Participation in job-related training, measuring the share of working age adults (18-64) who take part in non-formal education and training that is job-related, by sex, age group, and type of training.Eurostat (Adult Education Survey) [trng_aes_120]

• VET teachers, measuring the distribution of teachers at education level and programme orientation, by age groups, and sex.Eurostat (UOE joint data collection) [educ_uoe_perp01]

Further reading

• European Commission (Joint Research Centre) 2025 report on supporting the digital transformation of VET.

• European Commission 2023 report on employment and social developments in Europe.

• European Commission 2022 report on vocational education and training – skills for today and for the future.

• Cedefop European database on apprenticeship schemes.

• Cedefop 2023 report on the future of vocational education and training in Europe

• ENESET 2025 report on factors influencing STEM participation and effective intervention strategies.

• OECD 2022 report on pathways to professions.

Archived indicators

• Work-based learning opportunities, measuring the share of companies employing participants in initial vocational training, by company size, sector, and reason.Eurostat (EU Continuing Vocational Training Survey) [trng_cvt_34s, trng_cvt_34n2, trng_cvt_35n2]