Monitor toolbox by theme

Main indicator

Civic knowledge, measuring the share of students in their eighth year of schooling reaching level B or higher in the civic knowledge proficiency scale.Source: IEA ICCS

A closer look

Average performance in civic knowledge can be broken down by sex and by socio-economic background, the latter proxied by parental occupation, parental education, and the number of books at home.Source: IEA ICILS

Further reading

• European Commission communication 2025 Action Plan on Basic Skills.
• Council of the EU 2025 conclusions on a community of young people in Europe based on European values for a common and safe Europe.
• Council of the EU 2023 conclusions on the contribution of education and training to strengthening common European values and democratic citizenship.
• European Parliament 2022 resolution on the implementation of citizenship education actions.
• IEA (2024), ICCS 2022 European report
• IEA (2024), ICCS 2022 international report.
• OECD 2024 report on drivers of trust in public Institutions.
• Review of Education journal 2024 article on a review of research examining the impact of citizenship education on active citizenship outcomes.