Ontologies
An ontology – in the context of computer and information sciences – can be defined as a formal specification designed to delimit and group instances/concepts (facts, events, entities, elements, etc.) based on their common class (types, properties, interrelationships, etc.), and thus formalising a full or a subset of a domain.
CDM is the Common (Meta-)Data Model of the resources published by the Publications Office of the European Union
It is an ontology based on the FRBR model, described by using RDF(S)/OWL technologies, able to represent the relationships between the resource types managed by the Publications Office and their views according to the FRBR model in terms of Work, Expression, Manifestation and Item.
In CDM all types of documents created/issued by the European institutions, the activities (mainly legislation) by which the documents are created and the relations between the objects are described formally.
The European Legislation Identifier rests on three pillars:
- Identification of legislation: URI templates at the European, national and regional levels based on a defined set of components
- Properties describing each legislative act: Definition of a set of metadata and its expression in a formal ontology
- Serialisation of ELI metadata elements: Integration of metadata into the legislative websites using RDFa
The EU Budget Vocabulary and its RDF serialisation are designed to facilitate the exchange, increase the understandability and foster the reusability of budgetary information published by the EU. The Vocabulary aims to increase government transparency by improving the availability, usability and understandability of the EU Budget.
EURIO (EUropean Research Information Ontology) conceptualises, formally encodes and makes available in an open, structured and machine-readable format data about resarch projects funded by the EU's framework programmes for research and innovation.
The Europass Learning Model can be used to capture the results of any non-formal and formal learning across Europe, as well as the validation of non-formal and informal learning. It is designed to provide a single format to describe certificates of attendance, examination results, degrees and diplomas, diploma supplements, professional certifications, employer recommendations and any other kind of claims that are related to learning.