Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) 2023

Table A.5
Future labour shortages are strongest in business services

Future sectoral shortages to 2035, NACE 1-digit level

 

NACE  1-digit

Expansion 

Replacement

Imbalance

Cedefop future shortage indicator

Accommodation and food service activities

I

3

3

2.5

2.8

Activities of households as employers

T

3

4

3.0

3.3

Administrative and support service activities

N

3

3

2.6

2.9

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

A

1

4

2.0

2.3

Arts and entertainment

R

3

3

2.3

2.8

Construction 

F

2

3

2.5

2.5

Education 

P

3

3

1.0

2.3

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

D

3

2

1.5

2.2

Financial and insurance activities

K

3

2

1.6

2.2

Human health and social work activities

Q

3

3

2.2

2.7

Information and communication

J

4

1

1.5

2.2

Manufacturing

C

2

2

2.3

2.1

Mining and quarrying

B

1

1

2.3

1.4

Other service activities

S

3

3

2.7

2.9

Professional, scientific and technical activities

M

3

2

1.7

2.2

Public administration and defence, compulsory social security

O

3

2

1.7

2.2

Real estate

L

3

3

2.7

2.9

Transportation and storage

H

3

3

2.3

2.8

Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

E

3

3

2.0

2.7

Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G

3

2

2.7

2.6

Note: MSectors in grey include sectors at NACE 2-digit level indicated to face persistent labour shortages (see section 2.1.).

Source: DG EMPL calculations, based on Cedefop Skills Forecast 2023.