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HomeStudy on (bio)degradation, persistence and safe by design of nanomaterials
June 2022
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The current study was performed on behalf of the EU Observatory for Nanomaterials (EUON) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). The study consisted of an extensive literature search (ELS) aimed at providing information on the state-of-the-art, the existing gaps, and the research needs of the degradation, biodegradation and persistence of nanomaterials and their relevant organic coatings. Another objective of the study was to examine the current state of the art of safety by design (SbD) for nanomaterials, as it relates to the degradation and persistence of nanomaterials. Here the aim was to test whether SbD of nanomaterials considers the (bio)degradation of nanomaterials and to provide recommendations to adapt existing SbD principles to consider the knowledge collected from literature on (bio)degradation of nanomaterials to reduce their persistence in the environment. The study presents a literature-based update on the state-of-the-art of NMs and their organic coatings degradation and biodegradation, and the SbD of NMs. It covers a wide range of nanomaterials, i.e., metals, metal oxides, carbon-based NMs, and nanoliposomes. Information is provided on the techniques used to characterise the NMs and organic coatings (where applicable) and the study of (bio)degradation and SbD, as well as the existing gaps and recommendations on the future steps. Furthermore, an overview of existing test guidelines (e.g., OECD) are presented that are applicable, or can be applied following modifications for the study of NMs (bio)degradation and SbD. The literature search is complemented with respective surveys from relevant experts and the OECD.
- Published:
- Corporate author(s): European Chemicals Agency (EU body or agency)
- Themes: Chemical industry
- Subject: biodegradability , degradation of the environment , document retrieval , ecological footprint , environmental impact , nanotechnology , organic chemical , report
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| ISSN | ISBN 978-92-9468-253-6 | DOI 10.2823/248595 | Catalogue number ED-04-22-307-EN-N |
- Released on EU publications website:
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