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Evaluation study of and potential follow-up to cluster initiatives under COSME, H2020 and FPI
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Evaluation study of and potential follow-up to cluster initiatives under COSME, H2020 and FPI

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The EU cluster initiatives were introduced to facilitate market entry and penetration for SMEs by enabling Europe-wide cluster collaboration, supporting cross-sectoral value-chains, and investment in cluster excellence. A complex picture emerges regarding the functioning of EU cluster support initiatives: Cluster support measures are largely considered as well structured and internally coherent. Direct outputs related to events organised, partnerships initiated, and SMEs funded are widely achieved. The approach to use clusters as facilitators in supporting and disseminating funding to SMEs (cascade funding) is found to be efficient, as administrative hurdles have been comparatively low. Platforms have been effective in improving the main functions such as partnering, matchmaking, and informing clusters as well as their advisory services towards their members. Platforms also contributed towards intelligence gathering and information dissemination about the role of cluster organisations, their activities and achievements. Regarding the overall longer-term impacts of the partnering projects initiatives and cluster platforms findings are more ambivalent. Foreseen impacts are hard to measure and effects on SMEs lack accuracy as they are only targeted indirectly (e.g., ESCPs). Cluster organisations appreciate the transnational and cross-sectoral components of the initiatives which helped them to widen their network and build up capacities. Regarding the coherence of the initiatives, there is room for better integration with EU programmes as well as national policies by further enhancing synergies. Next to initiatives specific suggestions, the study recommends strengthening EU-wide industrial ecosystems through supporting cluster organisations in their glocalisation journey, to foster partnering projects by blending digital adoption and sustainable value creation and by reinforcing investments in upgrading cluster business models.
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