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COVID-19, a turning point for upward convergence in health and healthcare in the EU?
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COVID-19, a turning point for upward convergence in health and healthcare in the EU?

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The impact of COVID-19 has moved public health up the EU social policy agenda. As the EU directs its efforts towards establishing a European Health Union to guard against future health crises, this policy brief examines the extent to which the EU achieved upward convergence in terms of health and healthcare outcomes, as well as health expenditures and delivery, prior to the pandemic. It also examines convergence patterns in infections and deaths from COVID-19 and in the mitigating measures adopted by the EU and national governments. The findings indicate that, from 2008 to 2019, the health of EU citizens improved overall, and Member States converged in health outcomes, but disparities in government expenditures and delivery of health services continued to widen. Against this background, the COVID-19 pandemic caused further divergence, with death and infection tolls varying greatly across countries. The policy brief stresses that a European Health Union would ideally not only reinforce the crisis preparedness of the EU but also ultimately enable convergence in health and healthcare indicators across its Member States.
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ISSN 2599-8153
ISBN 978-92-897-2195-0
DOI 10.2806/166598
Katalogo numeris TJ-AR-21-004-EN-N
ISSN 2599-8110
ISBN 978-92-897-2196-7
DOI 10.2806/898
Katalogo numeris TJ-AR-21-004-EN-C
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ISSN 2599-8153 ISBN 978-92-897-2195-0 DOI 10.2806/166598 Katalogo numeris TJ-AR-21-004-EN-N
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ISSN 2599-8110 ISBN 978-92-897-2196-7 DOI 10.2806/898 Katalogo numeris TJ-AR-21-004-EN-C
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