Nuo 1952 m. Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismas (ESTT) prižiūri, kad Sąjungos te isė būtų tinkamai taikoma ir jos būtų laikomasi valstybėse narėse. Ilgainiui jis priėmė daug Europos inte graciją stiprinančių spren dimų, kuriuose piliečiams, ypač vartotojams, sute ikiama vis daugiau te isių. Toli...
The digitisation of services has driven widespread innovation, increased competition and consumer benefits. However, digitisation has also been associated with the ability of certain players to act as gatekeepers, with the power to impose unfair terms on dependent businesses to limit the scope f...
This report presents the results of the research project “Pass-Through of Unfair Trading Practices in EU Food Supply Chains: Methodology and Empirical Application”. The research was funded by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (JRC). The purpose of the project is to design and ...
The prospect of licensing patents that are essential to standards on an industry-wide scale is a major incentive for companies to invest in standardization activities. Most standard development organizations (SDOs) have defined intellectual property rights (IPR) policies whereby SDO members must...
This report constitutes a compilation of the principal issues raised by the speakers at the workshop jointly organised by the Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development and Joint Research Centre on ‘Unfair trading practices in the food supply chain’ held in Brussels between 17-18 ...
The current report evaluates consumer awareness, perception and experience with five consumer rights directives: the Consumer Rights Directive (CRD), the Unfair Contract Terms Directive (UCTD), the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive (UCPD), the Consumer Sales Directive (CSD) and the Price Ind...
