The Commission has launched an assessment and revision of the so-called six-pack and two-pack legislative packages. This paper assesses the successes and shortcomings of the European Semester with a focus on legitimacy, effectiveness and ownership. It argues that in order to address these proble...
According to this study the fiscal framework in principle provides sufficient flexibility to accommodate the call on government budgets from the European Green Deal – even in the very challenging fiscal landscape that is currently unfolding. However, it also observes that for this to hold in pra...
In the context of the review of the EU economic governance framework, this study recommends a multi-year ahead expenditure rule anchored in an appropriate public debt target, augmented with an asymmetric golden rule that provides extra fiscal space only in times of a recession. An improved gover...
What is the macroeconomic imbalance procedure? What are the elements of its scoreboard? Once those elements are taken into account, how does the procedure evolve in the wider context of the European Semester? This paper attempts to put these elements in context and provides an introduction to th...
Competition problems may exist in markets that cannot adequately be addressed using the ‘antitrust’ rules in Articles 101 and 102 TFEU or through the use of ex ante merger control. The question then arises whether other mechanisms can be devised to identify harms to competition and to identify r...
This paper analyses the relationship among competition law and the various sectoral regulatory regimes making up the EU body of economic regulation, at the systemic, substantive and institutional level. In the light thereof and of experience with comparable tools in other jurisdictions, we make ...
This report assesses the possible role of a New Competition Tool (NCT) consisting of a market investigation instrument endowed with broad remedies, when a market suffers from competition problems and infringement cases under 101 TFEU and 102 TFEU would be infeasible or ineffective. The report la...
The Commission is considering legislation which would introduce a “New Competition Tool” (NCT). Its general goal would be to undergird the protection of undistorted competition in the internal market with a new pillar. The NCT shall allow the Commission to tackle competition problems that are no...
