The availability and continuity of energy supply play a key role in qualifying the energy security of a country. This report explores the meaning of energy security, according to the perceptions and preferences of a broad range of market actors. Making use of interviews and survey data taken in ...
The European Union is a major market for fishery and aquaculture products (FAPs). In nominal terms, the EU is the world’s largest market for such products. Expenditure per capita on FAPs is only a third of that in Japan, the world leader, but more than three times as much as in the United States...
According to the Methodological Guidelines of the study, Task 1 “Mapping and analysis of existing studies on consumer habits” is based upon the following works: - Review of studies compiled in the 2008 survey to check whether authors/institutions listed at that time have continued to produce ana...
This article compares the properties of the European Commission's Consumer Confidence Indicator (CCI) for the euro area with three alternative indices which differ from the former in that they (i) consider a richer set of survey questions and (ii) are the result of data-driven statistical techni...
This report updates and extends earlier assessments of quantitative inflation perceptions and expectations of consumers in the euro area and the EU, using an anonymised micro data set collected by the European Commission in the context of the Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surv...
While the current level of the Economic Sentiment Indicator, which is well above its long-term average, is compatible with expanding economic activity, it has been associated with lower growth rates than those implied in the pre-recession period. Departing from the idea that the relationship bet...
This paper exploits a very large multi-country survey of consumers to investigate empirically the relationship between inflation expectations and consumer spending. We document that for the Euro Area and almost all of its constituent countries this relationship is generally positive: a higher ex...
The initial transposition of the Directive 1999/44/EC in the Czech Republic had raised some concerns at the European Commission which was of the opinion that certain crucial elements were not clear enough in the national law or even not transposed at all, such as, among others, the right of the ...
