The EU marketing standards aim to ensure that the single market is supplied with products of standardised and satisfactory quality, taking into account consumers’ expectations. The standards are based on two main instruments: (i) minimum quality standards – which define the rules that must be re...
The present Annex II is an integral part of the JRC Technical Report on the Selection of substances for the 4th Watch List under the Water Framework Directive (Gomez Cortes et al., 2022). The Annex collects the factsheets of substances proposed for the 4th Watch List (see Table 6 and Table 7 of ...
The Amazon forest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, which houses about 10% of the Earth’s biodiversity and 16% of the world’s total river discharge into the oceans. However, the Amazon forest has already lost up to 20% of its original area since the 1970s and is under constant thr...
The European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy includes actions aimed at investigating and better understanding the lifecycle impacts of using alternative feedstocks for plastics production. The Joint Research Centre has thus developed, upon request from DG GROW1, a Life Cycle Assesmen...
This methodological report explains the data sources and methods used by the JRC to compile the dataset on structural small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) indicators used by DG Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs in the annual SME performance review. The SME performance rev...
The 1st Watch List (WL) for substances in surface waters under the Environmental Quality Standards Directive (EQSD - Directive 2013/39/EU) was established by Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/495 in March 2015. The list was first updated in June 2018 by the Commission Implementing Decis...
This report is a narrative review of the effects reported in the scientific literature (peer-reviewed and indexed scientific publications showing quantitative evidence) about the relationships between a selection of nature restoration practices and food production. The reported effects are extra...
Marine litter is a recognised and major aspect of marine pollution, posing a direct threat to marine organisms and raising a global concern for its environmental and economic implications. Floating Marine Macro Litter (FMML) is the portion of marine litter comprising items larger than 2.5 cm tha...
These proceedings are the outcome of the 60th ESReDA seminar “Advances in Modelling to Improve Network Resilience” that took place at the Université Grenoble Alpes in France, on 4-5 May in 2022. A broad spectrum of resilience topics were covered, with sessions addressing Resilience Evaluation, I...
The link between loneliness and health has been extensively documented in scientific literature. Loneliness is widely recognized as being a public health issue and concern has been heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. A clear understanding of the association between loneliness and mortality ...