In April 2017, the Commission launched a new action plan to rapidly improve the practical implementation of the Habitats and Birds Directives and accelerate progress towards the EU 2020 goal of halting and reversing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The action plan follows on from the fitness check review published at the end of last year, which concluded that the nature directives are fit for purpose. The review however also stressed that, in order for the directives to achieve their objectives and realise their full potential, there needs to be a substantial improvement in their application, in order to deliver practical results on the ground. The new action plan covers four priority areas that have been identified as being essential for a better implementation of the directives. They involve: improving guidance and knowledge, building political ownership and enforcing compliance, strengthening investment in Natura 2000 and ensuring better communication and outreach. In total, 15 concrete actions and over a 100 individual measures are foreseen to be implemented between now and 2019. Actions will be taken at EU level, in particular by the Commission and the Committee of the Regions, but Member States and concerned stakeholders will also need to be engaged in the process, with increased support and assistance from the EU. Part I of the brochure provides a summary of the four priority areas of the action plan and the 15 proposed actions. Part II lists the 100+ measures foreseen under the 15 actions.