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HomeEvaluation of the implementation and impact of Regulation (EU) 2017/1939 of 12 October 2017 on the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO), and of the effectiveness and efficiency of the EPPO and its working practices
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This study aims to inform the European Commission's evaluation of the EPPO Regulation. It examined and assessed the implementation of Regulation (EU) 2017/1939 over the period from the entry into force of the EPPO Regulation, through the EPPO’s operational launch on 1 June 2021 to the end of June 2025, in line with the Commission's Better Regulation Guidelines. The study generated a significant body of evidence through a review of documentation, national compliance assessments across all 24 participating Member States, stakeholder consultations including interviews, a survey of national authorities and practitioners, validation workshops, and case studies. It was found that the EPPO has been effective to a meaningful extent in establishing and operationalising an EU-level prosecutorial framework for offences affecting the Union's financial interests, handling a significantly higher caseload than originally anticipated and adding clear value in the coordinated handling of complex cross-border cases that would have been difficult to replicate through national action alone. The EPPO's framework is largely coherent in its overall design, and the Office's activities are broadly relevant to the needs of the EU in the field of protecting the Union's financial interests, both over the evaluation period and in light of evolving crime patterns. However, in a context where the EPPO has faced substantially higher operational demands than foreseen at the time of its establishment, the Office has reported persistent challenges regarding underfunding, administrative understaffing, and uneven national implementation of the Regulation. These include divergent procedural environments across Member States that constrain the EPPO's ability to exercise its mandate uniformly, recurrent compliance gaps in areas such as direct reporting obligations and competence conflict resolution, and technological and data limitations that hinder efficiency. Addressing these issues could deliver meaningful efficiency and effectiveness gains, and would support more consistent protection of the EU's financial interests across participating Member States.
- Published:
- Corporate author(s): Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission) , Centre for Strategy & Evaluation Services (CSES) , Asterisk Research & Analysis , Spark Legal and Policy Consulting , Tetra Tech International Development
- Themes: Activities of the institutions and bodies , Law and justice
- Subject: EU law - national law , EU Member State , European Public Prosecutor's Office , financial management , fraud , fraud against the EU , judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the EU , regulation (EU)
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| ISSN | ISBN 978-92-68-42063-8 | DOI 10.2838/2356517 | Catalogue number DS-01-26-113-EN-N |
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| ISSN | ISBN 978-92-68-42064-5 | DOI 10.2838/7746033 | Catalogue number DS-01-26-113-EN-C |
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