The recast Drinking Water Directive (EU) 2020/2184 empowers the European Commission (EC) to adopt a methodology to measure microplastics in water intended for human consumption. When the directive entered into force in January 2021, no suitable standardised or harmonised methodologies were avail...

In this report, a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) model was developed for the 2022 EU-27 plastic value chain. The MFA boundaries included all the key steps of the value chain from production to end-of-life and recycling, covering 9 sectors and 15 polymers. Specific plastic flows typically less expl...

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of allocation rules for dual-use outputs under the Single-Use Plastics Directive (EU) 2019/904, focusing on how to attribute recycled content in chemical recycling processes. The study addresses the critical challenge of quantifying recycled content ...