The Schengen Information System (SIS) remains the most widely used large-scale IT system for internal security in the Schengen area. Following the system’s recast, operational since March 2023, its new enlarged functionalities ensure a higher level of security. The system plays a key role in sup...

This research note examines the employment impact of AI in the EU between 2012 and 2022, using both descriptive and regression analyses on 3-digit occupational data from the EU Labour Force Survey, along with an AI exposure indicator from Felten et al. (2021). The findings reveal that AI exposur...

China’s data security and privacy laws – the CSL, DSL, and PIPL – create compliance challenges for European companies, especially SMEs. Strategic ambiguity in legislation allows discretion in enforcement, varying across regions and sectors. Cross-border data transfer rules add complexity, with H...