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  Development of high performance SCR-catalysts related to different fuel types (DEVCAT)
  Final report

  Within the DEVCAT project, high performance high-dust SCR catalysts related to different fuels have been developed, leading to an improved understanding of chemical and physical mechanisms of the reactions at the catalyst. The main focus was put on the development of commercial SCR catalysts for...

  Within the DEVCAT project, high performance high-dust SCR catalysts related to different fuels have been developed, leading to an improved understanding of chemical and physical mechanisms of the reactions at the catalyst. The main focus was put on the development of commercial SCR catalysts for the application in coal-, biomass- and co-combustion derived flue gas with high DeNOx-activity and low SO2/SO3-conversion being able to convert a significantly high share of flue gas elemental mercury into its oxidised form. Oxidised mercury is subsequently absorbed in wet flue gas desulphurisation. Catalysts with different composition including the addition of new metal oxides as well as nano-material and modified geometry have been produced and were tested in micro-, technical-, bench- and full-scale SCR-reactors. The enhanced properties of the newly developed catalysts were demonstrated for all scales consistently. Interactions of relevant pollutants at the catalyst have been identified. Deactivation of newly developed catalysts in flue gas of coaland co-combustion plants was shown to be similar to conventional catalysts. In addition, the regeneration process of heavily deactivated catalysts was studied. A 3D-CFD SCR model was further developed and validated including the processes of deactivation and lifetime behaviour. The model was calibrated with experimental data generated within the project. The model allows the prediction of the distribution of flue gas components from the boiler up to downstream of the catalyst. The widespread and holistic research approach included measurements at lab- and full-scale FGDs in order to identify interactions leading to overall efficient multi-pollutant control.

  • Published: 2015-05-27
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Porbatzki, D ; DiBlasi, M ; Hartung, A ; Tembrink, J ; Schwämmle, T ; Han, X ; Heidel, B ; Risio, B ; LaMarca, C ; Hilber, M ; Brandenstein, J
  • Subject: coal, combustion gases, fuel, reduction of gas emissions, research method, research project, research report
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  Improved coal combustion under variable BF conditions (IMPCO)
  Final report

  Pulverized coal (PC) injection with high injection rates for minimisation of coke consumption is state of the art in BF operation. Increasing need for flexible production rate with changing operational conditions and limited availability of matching coal types cause constraints for high injectio...

  Pulverized coal (PC) injection with high injection rates for minimisation of coke consumption is state of the art in BF operation. Increasing need for flexible production rate with changing operational conditions and limited availability of matching coal types cause constraints for high injection rates and result in higher total carbon consumption. Therefore, the overall objective is to reduce the coke consumption under these difficult new conditions by increased injection of conventional PC or new carbon products at the same time as the total rate of reducing agents is minimised. To reach the objective the process has to be characterized by high stability despite changes in production rate and injection material properties. The replacement ratio to coke has to be high and well-defined for injected PC, new carbon products or mixtures of both. By carrying out the planned activities within the work program following are reached and therefore contribute to the overall objective: Definition of selection criteria for suitable injection materials for high combustion and conversion efficiency; Reaching high and stable replacement ratio of injected PC/new carbon products to coke by enhanced combustion efficiency and conversion of coal. The injection lance are modified for improved control of dispersion of coal plume and blast oxygen supply during combustion of volatiles and conversion of char; Optimisation of blast parameter settings for high combustion and conversion efficiency for selected lance design and injection material type.

  • Published: 2019-01-25
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Sandström, Dan ; Lövgren, Jonas ; Stocker, Hugo ; Alatalo, Johanna ; Lagerwall, Per ; Hensmann, Michael ; Hu, Xianfeng ; Hirsch, Alexandra ; From, Lars-Erik ; Möhring, Steffen ; Bolle, Martina ; Mittelstädt, Horst ; Ölund, Martin ; Sundqvist Ökvist, Lena
  • Subject: coal, fuel, industrial research, production technique, report, research project, testing
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  Newsletter, Platform for coal regions in transition
  

  • Published: 2019-06-18
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Subject: adaptation to climate change, coal, coal industry, industrial region, serial publication, technical cooperation
• COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT In-depth study of European Energy Strategy Accompanying the document Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament European energy security strategy

  • Published: 2014-05-28
  • Corporate Author(s): European Commission
  • Subject: coal, domestic market, electrical energy, energy cooperation, energy production, energy research, energy supply, natural gas, renewable energy, security of supply, self-sufficiency in energy, storage of hydrocarbons, trans-European network
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  Energy
  Yearly statistics 1994

  The Energy statistics yearbook groups in a single publication an extensive volume of statistical information relating to the energy economy of the European Union and the Member States, particularly for the most recent year available. The first chapter covers the characteristic data of energy eco...

  The Energy statistics yearbook groups in a single publication an extensive volume of statistical information relating to the energy economy of the European Union and the Member States, particularly for the most recent year available. The first chapter covers the characteristic data of energy economics in recent years. The second chapter gives an overall view of the trends for the principal aggregates, taken from the 'energy supplied' balance-sheets of the European Union in tonnes of oil equivalent. The third chapter gives historical series for each energy source for the principal aggregates characterizing the structure of energy economics.

  • Published: 2018-03-06
  • Corporate Author(s): Eurostat (European Commission)
  • Subject: coal, electrical energy, energy distribution, energy market, energy production, energy use, fuel, gas, petroleum, statistics
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  Development of advanced large-scale low NOx oxy-fuel burner for PF combustion (Oxyburner)
  

  The new oxy-fuel process offers and also requires R & D activities along the whole process chain. Still, one key component in a highly efficient and environment-friendly combustion system is the burner. In the past, much efforts was spent to develop low-NOX burners for all ranks of coal and to e...

  The new oxy-fuel process offers and also requires R & D activities along the whole process chain. Still, one key component in a highly efficient and environment-friendly combustion system is the burner. In the past, much efforts was spent to develop low-NOX burners for all ranks of coal and to efficiently integrate such burners into advanced firing concepts such as furnace air staging or fuel reburning. The project focuses on the development and testing of an efficient, clean, large scale low-NOX oxy-fuel burner concept for lignite and sub-bituminous coals. In this context substantial firing system and burner parameters were investigated in order to gather a complete evaluation of a single component (burner) and the overall potential of this new process. Some of these parameters are listed below: • testing of an advanced low-NOx oxy-burner design (up/down scaling); • oxygen injection method (pre-mixing, direct injection); • operational issues like switching from air to oxy-fuel mode and vice versa; • burner performance evaluation by using different CFD models; • process evaluation by investigating different cooling concepts. The project has combined experimental work, CFD modelling and cross validation through experimental data. The generated up/downscaling results of a 500 kW and the 30 MWth produces results that are fruitful for commercial application. Furthermore, in-flame measurements and operational experience regarding burner testing from a 30 MWth lignite-fired oxy-fuel plant are presented. Two individual large-scale advanced low-NOx burner designs (swirl and jet burner) are worked out as being applicable for lignite and medium- to high-volatility sub-bituminous coals.

  • Published: 2013-05-03
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Schnell, U ; Le Dirach, J ; Grathwohl, S ; Doukelis, A ; Kluger, F ; Mönkert, P ; Jentsch, N ; Lemp, O ; Maier, J ; Krohmer, B ; Lysk, S
  • Subject: coal, coal processing, combustion gases, furnace, research report, testing
• Case T-421/09: Judgment of the General Court of 20 September 2012 — DEI v Commission (Competition — Abuse of dominant position — Greek markets for the supply of lignite and wholesale electricity — Decision establishing the specific measures to correct the anti-competitive effects of an infringement of Article 86(1) EC, in conjunction with Article 82 EC, identified in an earlier decision — Article 86(3) EC — Annulment of the earlier decision)

  • Published: 2012-09-20
  • Corporate Author(s): General Court (Court of Justice of the European Union)
  • Subject: coal, competition, domestic market, dominant position, electricity supply, Greece, infringement of EU law, mining extraction, public sector, wholesale selling
• Decision to close the formal investigation procedure after withdrawal by Member State — State aid — Italy (Articles 107 to 109 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union) — Commission notice pursuant to Article 108(2) of the TFEU — Withdrawal of notification — State aid SA.33424 (12/C) (ex 11/N) — Integrated project CCS Sulcis Text with EEA relevance

  • Published: 2015-01-23
  • Corporate Author(s): European Commission
  • Subject: aid to undertakings, coal, control of State aid, electrical energy, energy supply, invitation to tender, Italy, power plant, Sardinia, security of supply, State aid
• COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT In-depth study of European Energy Security Accompanying the document Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament European Energy Security Strategy

  • Published: 2014-05-28
  • Corporate Author(s): European Commission
  • Subject: coal, domestic market, electrical energy, energy cooperation, energy production, energy research, energy supply, natural gas, renewable energy, security of supply, self-sufficiency in energy, storage of hydrocarbons, trans-European network
• 2009/403/EC: Decision No 1/2009 of the Joint Committee established under the Agreement between the European Coal and Steel Community and the Republic of Turkey on trade in products covered by the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community of 24 February 2009 amending Protocol 1 to the Agreement

  • Published: 2009-02-24
  • Corporate Author(s): ECSC–Turkey Joint Committee (European Coal and Steel Community) Now known as... EU–Turkey Association Council
  • Subject: coal, ECSC, free-trade agreement, free-trade area, steel, Turkey