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  Energy service market in the EU
  Status review and recommendations 2019

  • Published: 2019-12-19
  • Corporate Author(s): Joint Research Centre (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Toleikyté, A ; Boza-Kiss, B ; Bertoldi, P
  • Subject: energy efficiency, energy industry, energy market, energy policy, energy saving, EU Member State, provision of services, research report
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  Competitiveness of corporate sourcing of renewable energy
  Annex A.1 to part 2 of the study on the competitiveness of the renewable energy sector, Case study: WWRD

  WWRD is a small manufacturer of luxury crystal glass tableware products based in Ireland; as a key part of its business model, the company is a ‘tourism factory’ that allows tourists to visit its manufacturing plants in Waterford and learn more about the production of crystal glass. In complianc...

  WWRD is a small manufacturer of luxury crystal glass tableware products based in Ireland; as a key part of its business model, the company is a ‘tourism factory’ that allows tourists to visit its manufacturing plants in Waterford and learn more about the production of crystal glass. In compliance with its corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, WWRD purchases 100% of the electricity consumed via a green energy offer. The company has also assessed opportunities to rely on renewable sources for heating purposes; however, for the time being, WWRD decided not to pursue such opportunities. By focusing on a medium-sized company, which is environmentally conscious, this case study allows drawing some policy recommendations that may foster small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to embrace the green energy revolution.

  • Published: 2019-08-21
  • Corporate Author(s): CEPS ; COWI ; Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Simonelli, Felice
  • Subject: air conditioning, case study, competitiveness, energy market, energy policy, EU Member State, heating, physical process, renewable energy
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  Competitiveness of the heating and cooling industry and services
  Part 2 of the study on the competitiveness of the renewable energy sector

  This report constitutes the second part of a larger Study on the “Competitiveness of the Renewable Energy Sector”, conducted by COWI and CEPS for DG ENER of the European Commission. The report focuses on the impact of corporate sourcing of renewable energy on the competitiveness of the European ...

  This report constitutes the second part of a larger Study on the “Competitiveness of the Renewable Energy Sector”, conducted by COWI and CEPS for DG ENER of the European Commission. The report focuses on the impact of corporate sourcing of renewable energy on the competitiveness of the European industry. European companies rely on renewables to meet their energy needs for three main reasons: i) strengthening their competitive advantage and increasing their demand, as consumers' choices are increasingly driven by sustainability considerations; ii) attracting more capital, as investors are growingly concerned about the environmental footprint of their investments; and iii) improving their cost competitiveness, as renewables may reduce energy costs. At the same time, EU companies face some barriers when trying to source renewables. Many barriers are addressed by the new 'Clean Energy for All Europeans’ package; others will require additional measures. The report also estimates the potential impacts of corporate sourcing of renewables on the EU economy. Should EU-based industrial and commercial companies commit to source renewable electricity to meet 30% of their total demand of electricity by 2030, the EU renewable energy sector could generate more than €750 billion in gross added value and above 220,000 new jobs.

  • Published: 2019-08-21
  • Corporate Author(s): CEPS ; COWI ; Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Simonelli, Felice
  • Subject: air conditioning, competitiveness, energy market, energy policy, EU Member State, heating, physical process, renewable energy, report
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  METIS technical note T2
  METIS power market models

  METIS is an on-going project initiated by DG ENER for the development of an energy modelling software, with the aim to further support DG ENER’s evidence-based policy making, especially in the areas of electricity and gas. The software is developed by Artelys with the support of IAEW (RWTH Aache...

  METIS is an on-going project initiated by DG ENER for the development of an energy modelling software, with the aim to further support DG ENER’s evidence-based policy making, especially in the areas of electricity and gas. The software is developed by Artelys with the support of IAEW (RWTH Aachen University), ConGas and Frontier Economics as part of Horizons 2020 and is closely followed by DG ENER. Two versions have been already delivered at the DG ENER premises. The intention is to provide DG ENER with an in-house tool that can quickly provide insights and robust answers to complex economic and energy related questions, focusing on the short-term operation of the energy system and markets. METIS was used, along with PRIMES, in the impact assessment of the Market Design Initiative. This document presents the main assumptions used for METIS power market module. After a quick overview of METIS main characteristics in Section 0, Section Error! Reference source not found. describes how energy assets are modelled, with a particular focus on reserve procurement. Section 3 describes the main methodology used for day-ahead and intraday market modelling, then Section 0 focuses on the balancing market.

  • Published: 2019-07-12
  • Corporate Author(s): Artelys ; Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Khallouf, Paul ; Bardet, Régis ; Bossavy, Arthur ; Chammas, Maxime ; Texier, Bertrand
  • Subject: data processing, electrical energy, energy market, energy policy, gas, simulation, software
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  Simulating electricity market bidding and price caps in the European power markets
  S18 report

  The present document has been prepared by the Institute of Power Systems and Power Economics (IAEW) at RWTH Aachen University in response to the Terms of Reference included under ENER/C2/2014-6391. Readers should note that the report presents the views of the Consultant, which do not necessarily...

  The present document has been prepared by the Institute of Power Systems and Power Economics (IAEW) at RWTH Aachen University in response to the Terms of Reference included under ENER/C2/2014-6391. Readers should note that the report presents the views of the Consultant, which do not necessarily coincide with those of the Commission. In the context of evaluating the impact of market designs on revenues of producers and the risks they face, many studies consider a so-called “marginal cost bidding” behavior for the producers. This type of bidding behavior assumes that the power producers bids on the market according to its production cost, including all costs that are production-dependent: mainly fuel costs, CO2 costs, and start-up costs. This approach has several advantages, including its simplicity and the limited necessity of input data and assumptions for the market participants’ bidding strategies. However, marginal cost bidding does not necessarily reflect the way electricity producers bid in the market in reality. In practice, during scarcity hours for instance, prices tend to go higher than the production costs of any production unit, simply because these instants are the only ones at which peaking plants can recover their fixed costs. These scarcity situations are few and uncertain, though. As the modeling of bidding strategies may have an impact on the estimated risk profiles of power producers, it is important to simulate and analyze them within the context of existing electricity markets which presents the goal of this study. Thus, this study demonstrates how METIS can be applied to simulate different bidding strategies on the day-ahead market2. Therefore, we implement a new module in METIS, which enables a more sophisticated evaluation of bidding behavior in electricity markets. By doing so, the scope of investigations not only covers the well-known marginal cost bidding but also further strategies (e.g., oligopolistic bidding). Thereby, this study compares the estimated power producers’ revenues using different forms of market behavior. Finally, we assess the effect of price caps on marginal pricing as well as their impact on three different bidding strategies.

  • Published: 2019-05-07
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Bracht, Niklas van ; Moser, Albert ; Maaz, Andreas
  • Subject: electrical energy, energy market, energy research, price of energy, simulation
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  Case study on Heat pumps in Arnhem, the Netherlands
  Annex A.3 to part 1 of the study on the competitiveness of the renewable energy sector

  The European Commission aims to analyse the competitiveness of the European heating and cooling industry. Four case studies of successful and competitive deployment of heating and cooling solutions at a city level from selected organizations support this analysis. The case studies aim to illustr...

  The European Commission aims to analyse the competitiveness of the European heating and cooling industry. Four case studies of successful and competitive deployment of heating and cooling solutions at a city level from selected organizations support this analysis. The case studies aim to illustrate how competitive renewable energy technologies such as solar-thermal, biomass, biogas and heat pump are in the context of different local factors across Europe, and what are their impacts on local communities. The current case study is based on the desk search, field visit and interviews. It presents a renovation project involving 96 small houses in the Presikhaaf district of Arnhem (the Netherlands). As part of the renovation, the houses were fully insulated to lower energy consumptions; in addition, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels were installed on the rooftops (35 panels per house, 300Wp per panel) to generate electricity and heat pumps (air-to-water, 8kW) were deployed for space heating and domestic hot water.

  • Published: 2019-08-21
  • Corporate Author(s): CEPS ; COWI ; Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Personal Author(s): Zarra, Antonella ; Simonelli, Felice
  • Subject: air conditioning, case study, competitiveness, energy market, energy policy, heat pump, heating, Netherlands, physical process, renewable energy
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  Energy and transport statistics for the European neighbourhood policy-South countries
  2018 edition

  • Published: 2018-10-09
  • Corporate Author(s): Eurostat (European Commission)
  • Subject: Algeria, Egypt, energy market, European neighbourhood policy, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, transport statistics, Tunisia
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  Assessing TYNDP 2014 PCI list in power
  Study S02

  Interconnectors between national electricity networks offer opportunities for the integration of a larger share of variable renewables, i.e. more sustainable energy, more resilience in case of disruption of supply and more opportunities for the electricity market. The present study assesses the ...

  Interconnectors between national electricity networks offer opportunities for the integration of a larger share of variable renewables, i.e. more sustainable energy, more resilience in case of disruption of supply and more opportunities for the electricity market. The present study assesses the impact of a list of interconnectors (from the ENTSO-E's TYNDP 2014 project list), following the ENTSO-E methodology. For this purpose, the METIS software, developed by Artelys, IAEW, ConGas and Frontier Economics for the DG ENER, was used to measure several criteria related to economic, environmental and security of supply topics. These are the same criteria used by ENTSO-E to perform cost benefit analysis of PCI projects. The analysis was performed on two 2030 contexts, with different RES shares, based on two ENTSO-E visions in terms of demand and power generation capacities. The benefits brought by the PCIs on the list are assessed by comparing annual power optimal dispatch at hourly time step (on ten years of weather realizations), with the current power transmission network on the one hand, and after adding the studied PCI the other hand. The individual impact of each interconnector is not studied in this report. The simulations show that the studied PCIs (with 75 GW of additional interconnector capacity) are beneficial on various aspects, especially in a context with high RES share. The PCI list allows to improve security of supply (avoiding 70% to 93% of the loss of load), RES integration (avoiding up to 19 TWh of RES curtailment) and market integration (avoiding about 1 000 hours of price divergence, in average on all European interconnectors). Furthermore, for scenario with high carbon price, the PCIs decrease gross CO2 emissions by 7%. Finally 2 to 4 billion € per year of fuel costs would be saved, and the increase of European Socio Economic Welfare is assessed at 3 to 5 billion € per year, while the annual cost of implementing the studied PCI list is estimated by ENTSO-E at 2 billion € per year.

  • Published: 2019-05-07
  • Corporate Author(s): Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)
  • Subject: electrical energy, energy demand, energy grid, energy market, energy research, renewable energy, simulation, sustainable development
• Case T-283/19: Action brought on 2 May 2019 — Germany v ACER

  • Published: 2019-05-02
  • Corporate Author(s): General Court (Court of Justice of the European Union)
  • Subject: electrical energy, electricity supply, energy distribution, energy grid, energy market, energy transport, principle of legal certainty, principle of proportionality, trans-European network
• Case T-631/19: Action brought on 21 September 2019 — BNetzA v ACER

  • Published: 2019-09-21
  • Corporate Author(s): General Court (Court of Justice of the European Union)
  • Subject: competence of the institution, discrimination on the basis of nationality, electrical energy, electricity supply, energy distribution, energy grid, energy market, energy transport, principle of proportionality