This study on Supply Chain Finance (SCF) provides an in-depth analysis of the current state and recent developments in the area of supply chain finance at EU level and within the Member States. The specific objectives are to: 1.Provide an overview of the Supply Chain Finance market at EU level a...
This study on Supply Chain Finance (SCF) provides an in-depth analysis of the current state and recent developments in the area of supply chain finance at EU level and within the Member States. The specific objectives are to: 1.Provide an overview of the Supply Chain Finance market at EU level and ineach Member State; 2.Understand the applicable regulatory environment impacting SCF activities; 3.Map existing barriers of regulatory and market nature that hinder growthand the cross-border expansion of SCF within the EU; and 4.Compile public or private best practices capable of facilitating growth andthe cross-border expansion of SCF activities, in particular building onexperiences in Member States where fintech-enabled solutions are well-developed.
National enforcement authorities (NEAs) controlling compliance with REACH requirements and ECHA’s Forum for the Exchange of Information on Enforcement (Forum) are aware that there are issues with the quality of information provided in safety data sheets (SDSs). This was evident from the results ...
National enforcement authorities (NEAs) controlling compliance with REACH requirements and ECHA’s Forum for the Exchange of Information on Enforcement (Forum) are aware that there are issues with the quality of information provided in safety data sheets (SDSs). This was evident from the results reported from the Forum’s coordinated REACH-EN-FORCE (REF) 2 project on the Obligation of downstream users - formulators of mixtures. 29 Member States undertook inspections in 2011/2012 addressing inter alia the quality and management of the downstream users’ own SDSs. The results from the evaluation of 4,500 SDSs during this project showed that about 50% of the checked SDSs had defects in the information provided. Specifically the content of sections 1, 2, 3, 8 and 15 had deficiencies rates ranging from between 10% and 20%. Inspectors also recorded issues with the quality of information provided in extended SDSs during the Forum’s REF-5 project on extended safety data sheets, exposure scenarios, risk management measures and operational conditions. Significant quality deficits were observed in chemical safety reports assessed by the ECHA support team including a lack of clear and specific risk management measures. It was noted that in the majority of cases, such deficits are copied into the extended SDSs indicating that information transferred through the supply chain via extended SDSs is not of satisfactory quality in terms of accuracy, clarity, and usefulness. This was also confirmed by the inspectors’ observations during the inspections undertaken during REF-5. Taking account of this information, the Forum members proposed to undertake a joint action with ECHA’s accredited stakeholder organisations (ASOs) to improve the quality of SDSs. The Forum set up a working group (WG) composed of Forum members/alternates and invited experts as well as representatives from ECHA ASOs with a mandate to: - define the detailed scope of the joint action - collect data on deficient SDSs - analyse the data and identify the issues requiring priority actions - report on the findings and recommendations - implement solutions arising from the recommendations (task to be carried out by ECHA ASOs) - monitor the progress and oversee the follow-up actions identified by the ASOs during the Forum’s open session meetings from 2019 onwards.
During the time of national research, the FCI World Factoring Yearbook 2019 edition was not available, therefore country fiches present figures from FCI World Factoring Yearbook 2018 edition. Annex 3, however, was finalised at the later stage of the study, therefore it includes data from FCI Wor...
During the time of national research, the FCI World Factoring Yearbook 2019 edition was not available, therefore country fiches present figures from FCI World Factoring Yearbook 2018 edition. Annex 3, however, was finalised at the later stage of the study, therefore it includes data from FCI World Factoring Yearbook 2019 edition. In country fiches the term ‘factoring’ includes aggregated figures for three SCF techniques; receivable discounting, factoring and payables finance. As explained in Annex 3, these SCF techniques were disaggregated by the expert for the purpose of providing more accurate data. This explains the differences in figures presented in the country fiches and in Annex 3.
This study for the European Commission focuses on due diligence requirements to identify, prevent, mitigate and account for abuses of human rights, including the rights of the child and fundamental freedoms, serious bodily injury or health risks, environmental damage, including with respect to c...
This study for the European Commission focuses on due diligence requirements to identify, prevent, mitigate and account for abuses of human rights, including the rights of the child and fundamental freedoms, serious bodily injury or health risks, environmental damage, including with respect to climate. It was conducted by the British Institute of International and Comparative Law (lead), Civic Consulting and LSE Consulting. Through desk research, country analyses, interviews and surveys it identifies Market Practices (Task 1) and perceptions regarding regulatory options. The Regulatory Review (Task 2), including twelve Country Reports, shows that UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights’ standard of due diligence is increasingly being introduced into legal standards or proposed in Member States. The Problem Analysis, policy background and intervention logic concludes with the definition of four options for regulatory proposals (Task 3): No change (Option 1), new voluntary guidelines (Option 2), new reporting requirements (Option 3) and mandatory due diligence as a legal standard of care (Option 4). Option 4 includes sub-options limited to sector and company size, and enforcement through state-based oversight or judicial / non-judicial remedies. The assessment of impacts of regulatory options (Task 4) considers economic impacts, impacts on public authorities, social, human rights and environmental impacts.
Material System Analysis (MSA) is a methodology that investigates the stocks and flows of materials through the economy. It covers the materials along the overall supply chain, from extraction until end-of-life management e.g., through recovery or disposal....
Material System Analysis (MSA) is a methodology that investigates the stocks and flows of materials through the economy. It covers the materials along the overall supply chain, from extraction until end-of-life management e.g., through recovery or disposal.
