A new study commissioned by the EEA shows a clear hierarchy of passenger and freight transport modes, in terms of their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Rail and waterborne transport have the lowest emissions per kilometre and unit transported, while aviation and road transport emit significantly...
As a starting point, it is important to remind the underlying philosophy of development of the business case. When the work started in 2015, many different opinions could be met on ERTMS, based on the experience of each and every stakeholder on his scope of work. But as nobody was willing to sha...
The study presents an overview of classification systems (taxonomies) which define environmentally sustainable activities within the transport sector both globally and in the EU. It maps activities to various types of rail investments in relation to the EU NACE system that collects statistical d...
The report provides a set of indicators and tools that allow policy makers to measure accessibility and connectivity of border regions in Europe at both national and international levels. The methodology can be used to identify areas where transport infrastructure may be lacking and prioritize p...
The S2R Programme is an integrated set of Research and Innovation (R&I) activities, structured around five asset-specific Innovation Programmes (IPs), covering key structural (technical) and functional (process) subsystems of the rail systems: passenger trains, traffic management systems, infras...
Safety culture refers to the interaction between the requirements of the SMS (safety management system), how people make sense of them, based on their attitudes, values and beliefs and what they actually do, as seen in decisions and behaviours....
Cross-border police cooperation between Poland and Germany began in 1991. In 2015, a bilateral agreement between the two countries came into force with the aim to replace the previous agreements and to address the obstacles to an efficient cooperation between the police forces. Despite the fact ...
This case study focuses on ‘complex rules’ and other obstacles hampering cross-border business activity in the Bulgarian-Greek (BG-EL) border region. At European Union (EU) level, a series of European Single Market initiatives have been seeking to remove such obstacles. Since the momentous event...
The number of passenger night trains offering sleeping accommodation operated within Europe has declined rapidly since around 2010. This paper presents findings on what drives the financial, economic, social and environmental viability of services and hence decisions on whether to operate them o...
