A single area without internal border checks — the Schengen Area — requires a common policy on the EU external borders. Boundaries mean freedom in security. When the Schengen Area entered into force in 1995, checks at the internal borders were abolished and a single external border was created. ...
Cross-border police cooperation between Poland and Germany began in 1991. In 2015, a bilateral agreement between the two countries came into force with the aim to replace the previous agreements and to address the obstacles to an efficient cooperation between the police forces. Despite the fact ...
This case study focuses on ‘complex rules’ and other obstacles hampering cross-border business activity in the Bulgarian-Greek (BG-EL) border region. At European Union (EU) level, a series of European Single Market initiatives have been seeking to remove such obstacles. Since the momentous event...
This study identifies the main obstacles and potential (needs) for development and growth in cross-border regions. The most significant needs, which are suitable and affordable for Interreg programmes, are mapped through a set of indicators built-up at a territorial NUTS3 level. The database rep...
The recognition of qualifications across borders is critical to the freedom of movement of labour and the efficient working of labour markets, especially in cross-border regions where labour market flows are strongest. This has been recognised by the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliame...
International mobility of trainees, students and teachers in vocational education is seen as a more and more important and even essential ingredient to vocational education. Mobility mainly covers two forms: mobility related to being educated and passing exams in another country and mobility rel...
This report is the result of a pilot project ‘Cross-border data collection’ carried out by a consortium of statistical institutes. The objective was to develop methodology to produce cross-border information. The consortium that carried out the project Cross-border Data Collection consists of th...
This Study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE-Committee), takes stock of the main developments that have occurred in the Schengen Governanc...
The physical border is not the only factor responsible for hindering gross domestic product (GDP) growth. Regulatory barriers, resulting mainly from fragmentation of the Single Market due to different national legal frameworks, continue to affect the markets for services and products between lan...
